Some Target Coverage Issues of Wireless Sensor Network

Recent improvements in technologies have a considerable impaction advancing the state of wireless sensor networks, which constitute the platform of broad range of applications related to national Security, Habitat Monitoring, Environment observation and forecasting, Health Applications, Home and Office Applications. An important problem receiving increased consideration recently is the target cover age problem, which is concerned with random deployment of sensor nodes for monitoring the specific targets for maximum duration. These small sized sensor nodes have limited resources in terms of energy, memory, computational speed and bandwidth; and can’t withstand extreme environmental conditions. Therefore, more number of sensor nodes is deployed than the specific requirements in order to improve fault to clearance of the sensor network. However, this high redundancy of sensor nodes can lead to excessive energy wastage. Since the nodes have limited energy resources and each sensor node requires a specific amount of energy to monitor a target, judicious energy management becomes an important concern of the Target Coverage Problem. Most existing works concentrate on scheduling sensors between sleep and active modes to maximize network life time while maintaining target coverage and consuming minimum energy. In this work, we try to develop an Energy Aware Target Coverage Protocol in which we have considered that if a target is within the receiving/ transmitting range of two or more sensors nodes, then only one of the sensor node may be initiated to cover the specific target while the other sensor nodes of that receiving/ transmitting range may not require to participate, which help to minimize participation of sensor nodes to cover the specific targets, there by consuming minimum energy. Our result analysis brings a considerable amount of energy saving without affecting the coverage problem.